今天大學路小編整理了雅思閱讀話題:人文科學(劍6Test2聽力Section2解析【雅思真題】)相關內容,希望能幫助到大家,一起來看下吧。
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雅思閱讀話題:人文科學
很多烤鴨們備考雅思閱讀的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)即使自己背了很多詞匯,閱讀方法也掌握了不少,但正確率仍舊不是很高,而且速度不夠快。通過實際教學經驗發(fā)現(xiàn),這其中的一個主要原因在于烤鴨們對于雅思閱讀考察的話題不熟悉。為了解決烤鴨們的這個難題,專家對雅思閱讀的話題進行了歸類總結,讓烤鴨們在考場上找到一種“他鄉(xiāng)遇故人”的感覺,同時也給出了烤鴨們做閱讀的一些方法建議,讓烤鴨們在考場上不只是“他鄉(xiāng)遇故人”更要“知故人”。
經過對歷年的雅思閱讀考試的分析,閱讀話題主要有兩大類,分別是自然科學類和人文社科類。上文中我們已經探討過自然科學類的話題,本文將重點對人文科學類話題的文章進行分析。雅思閱讀人文科學類的話題主要分為三大塊:教育類,語言學類,發(fā)展史。同時還會涉及到企業(yè)管理和心理類。
1. 教育類
首先,教育類的話題一直是雅思考試閱讀部分的熱門話題。在2011年的考試中,主要涉及到了兒童的性格,歐洲女子教育,兒童心理教育,兒童情感發(fā)展,教育方法的研究,噪音對兒童的影響,兒童文學,家長參與教育,天才教育,學習歷史的意義。在2012年上半年的考試來看,教育類涉及到了學術道德,閱讀方法的探討,年輕人當父母,澳大利亞文盲。從去年及今年上半年的教育類話題分析,兒童教育及家庭教育是教育類話題的中心。在劍橋雅思真題集中這類型話題的分布也很廣泛,比如劍橋5 Test3 passage1 “Early Childhood Education”, 這篇文章主要是關于兒童教育的,講解了兩個項目'Headstart' programme和'Missouri' programme; 劍橋6 Test4 passage2 “Do Literate Women Make Better Mothers?”, 這篇文章討論了高學歷女性是否可以是更好的媽媽,有關兒童的家長問題。劍橋8 Test4 Passage1 'Land of the Rising Sum' 探討了日本的數學教育。
因此,各位烤鴨應多關注一下這類型的文章,如果沒有時間進行課外泛讀,也可以對劍橋雅思真題集4-8的教育類文章先進行限時訓練,做完對了答案將錯誤修改之后,建議烤鴨們在這時千萬別以為這篇文章就已經做完了,一定要再對整篇文章進行泛讀,每段的大意應該知道,并最好用中文標在每段后面,然后把每段主題句中的關鍵詞標出來,如果有不認識的最好摘下來。這樣到了考場上才能真正體會到“他鄉(xiāng)知故人”,否則,只是遇到了但不夠熟悉,做題時仍然會比較困難。
2. 語言類
雅思閱讀人文科學類的第二大話題就是語言類。從2011年全年來看,主要涉及到語言的傳播,筆譯,國際公司的外語策略培訓,語言對商業(yè)的作用,語言的起源,語言的消失,對語言發(fā)展的態(tài)度。在 2012年上半年來看,語言類話題主要有交流與文化,語義的理解,雙語學習的利弊。從去年到今年上半年,語言類話題主要涉及到了語言對商業(yè),文化等的影響,語言的保護以及語言與教育的結合。這類型話題在劍橋雅思真題集中也有廣泛分布,比如:劍橋4 Test2 Passage1 Lost for Words, 這篇文章主要講解了少數語言的消亡,探討了語言消亡的原因以及相應的解決辦法。除此之外,劍橋4 Test3 Passage3 Obtaining Linguistic Data也是關于語言的,這篇文章相對比較專業(yè)化,講述了獲取語料的方法并討論了這些方法的利弊,但即使這樣做這篇文章時也不需要理解那些專業(yè)化的詞匯。劍橋5 Test2 Passage3 The Birth of Scientific English, 這篇文章結合了語言與發(fā)展史,講述了科學英語的誕生及發(fā)展??绝唫冊谟龅竭@類型的話題時,很多都會覺得相當困難,除非有些烤鴨們的專業(yè)就是語言學專業(yè)。因為語言學本身就包括了很多分支比如語音學,詞匯學,句法學等等。每一個分支都會有很多相關的專業(yè)術語,烤鴨們尤其是還在讀高中的小烤鴨們會覺得異常難懂,但是要記住一點:雅思考試的一大特色就是“非專業(yè)性”。也就是說,雖然考試中會考到很多有關語言學的內容,但是大多是關于語言傳播方式,如何保護語言等等比較簡單易懂的方面,并不會出現(xiàn)太專業(yè)性的內容。即使有專業(yè)詞匯出現(xiàn),也應該感到高興,因為它們不會涉及同意轉換。
3. 發(fā)展史
第三類的話題就是有關各種事物的發(fā)展史。2011年的雅思閱讀考試中主要涉及到了歐洲印刷術,古人記事,茶的歷史與發(fā)展,加拿大移民史,英國戰(zhàn)后農業(yè)政策,澳大利亞羊毛產業(yè),非洲部落發(fā)展等。2012年上半年的雅思閱讀考試中主要有管理學之父彼得德魯克,遠古電腦,奧運火炬演變發(fā)展,劇院,超市模式的誕生,地圖的發(fā)展狀況,英國人的農業(yè)發(fā)明-犁地機,小提琴*,庫克發(fā)現(xiàn)新大陸。這類型話題在劍橋雅思真題集中也有體現(xiàn),比如:劍橋5 Test1 Passage1 'Johnson's Dictionary', 這篇文章講述了約翰字典的發(fā)展歷史,相對來說比較容易理解,而且題目也比較容易做。Test2 Passage1 The Birth of Modern Plastics, 這篇文章論述了現(xiàn)代塑料的發(fā)展歷程,并講解了*過程。專業(yè)術語較多,但沒有同意轉換,因此這些專業(yè)術語不會影響做題。劍橋7 Test1 Passage2 'Making Every Drop Count', 這篇文章涉及到了人類用水的情況。劍橋8 Test1 Passage1 A Chronicle of Time Keeping, 這篇文章是很典型的發(fā)展史類的閱讀文章,講述了計時器的發(fā)展歷史,講述的是有史以來不同國家發(fā)明的鐘表和計時器,也可當作鐘表或計時器的發(fā)展史來準備這個話題。這類話題是各位烤鴨們必需關注的話題,原因很簡單,所有的東西都有歷史、有來由,而且這也是近期考試的一個主要話題??忌豢赡軠蕚渌械陌l(fā)展史,但是備考過程中完全放棄又很可惜,所以在所有的發(fā)展史中,那些曾經考過的發(fā)展史考生一定要列為重點準備的內容。比如說“Co*etic Painting”講述了化妝品發(fā)展的歷史,從野人時代到現(xiàn)代,但是講述現(xiàn)代化妝的比較少,主要是對比古代?!叭祟愗泿诺倪M化史”,提到了巴比倫貨幣,中國貨幣,日本貨幣,非洲貨幣等等,以及劍橋雅思真題集上給出的文章一定要做到。
劍6Test2聽力Section2解析【雅思真題】
您好,我是專注留學考試規(guī)劃和留學咨詢的小鐘老師。留學申請的每一步都充滿挑戰(zhàn),我在這里為您提供從留學目的地選擇到申請材料準備的全方位支持。您的留學夢想,我們一同實現(xiàn),敬請訪問!
請仔細閱讀下文:
題目見劍橋雅思6,第二套試題,聽力Section 2部分:
Section2篇章結構
題型:填空,表格填空,多項選擇
考查技能:聽出具體信息
場景:*咨詢火車運營時間
場景背景介紹
本節(jié)對話涉及如何才能*到更便宜的火車票,以及頭等車廂和普通車廂在服務方面的差別。在英國上學如果有一張young person card,在任何時候*火車票都能便宜1/3。如果能夠提前兩周甚至更早訂票,則會有更多相應的優(yōu)惠。另外,單程票和往返票的價錢相差不多;頭等車廂中還提供餐飲服務。
本節(jié)必備詞匯、詞組
leaflet n.宣傳單
excursion n.游覽,短途旅行
commuter line 月票線
surround v.圍繞
buffet car (火車)餐車
acclaim v.喝彩,歡呼,稱贊
refreshments n.茶點,便餐,飲料
climbing wall 攀巖壁
open ticket 不限時間的票
aquarium n.水族館
discount n./v.打折,優(yōu)惠
anticipate v.期待,熱望
fascinating adj.迷人的,醉人的
詞匯拓展
brochure n.小冊子
gymnasium n.體育館
brunch n.早午餐
magnificent adj.壯麗的
cramped adj.擁擠的
marine adj.海洋的
energetic adj.精力充沛的
platform n.站臺
expense n.開銷
spectacular adj.壯觀的
gallery n.畫廊
sunscreen n.太陽傘
文本及疑難解析
1. Well, I can give you lots of details about all the trains going from Trebirch in the South West.
我可以給你很多關于從西南的Trebirch發(fā)車的詳細信息。
2. They leave Trebirch every half hour on weekdays and every hour at weekends.
從Trebirch出發(fā)的車周一至周五每半小時一趟,周末每小時一趟。
3. Only a certain number are available and you have to make seat reservations for these.
只有少數車次的車票有折扣,而且你必須提前預訂。
因為數量非常有限,一般只有盡早訂票,才能夠*到比較便宜的車票。上火車時,你手中的座位號對應的位置會貼著一張reserved標簽,而且不可以換座位。
4. Your children will find it just as fascinating as any theme park and they can ride in the original miners’ lifts and on the coal trains.
你的孩子會覺得這(Merthyr Mining Museum)和主題公園一樣令人興奮,而且他們還可以坐那些煤礦工人使用的電梯和運送煤礦的火車。
5. Alternatively, you can be in Birmingham in only an hour and a half, where there's lots to see and do including the new and internationally-acclaimed climbing wall built on the site of the old aquarium.
或者,你可以在伯明翰待一個半小時,那里有很多可以觀光的地方,也有很多可以做的事情,比如你可以到老水族館舊址去看看新建的、得到國際贊譽的攀巖墻。
本句在上下文中是指到布里斯托爾的火車如果在伯明翰中轉停留的話,價錢會更便宜。為了說服購票者,售票方經常會以本句內容當作說辭。
題目解析
11~14題為填空題。
11題注意替換原文中的regional和題干中的local。12題題干中的national在原文中重現(xiàn),本題沒有難度。13題出現(xiàn)混淆性信息,離站時間分為weekdays和weekends,題目中問的是each day during the week。14題核心詞出現(xiàn)在答案之后,如果注意力不集中很容易錯過答案。
15~17題為表格填空。
l5題的special出現(xiàn)后有答案。16題原文中強調了advance,之后提到的是題目中給出的至少提前6天。17題沒有難度。
18~20題對應一個題干,只要能聽明白原文中的意思就能夠判斷除。
C、D、G以外的信息均為混淆信息?;疖囌竟ぷ魅藛T用這些地方和當地可看的景點進行比較。注意聽題時反應要快。
我希望以上的解答能為您的留學規(guī)劃添磚加瓦。留學之路雖曲折,卻不孤單。如有更多疑惑或需要進一步了解,我們的官方網站隨時歡迎您。那里有更詳盡的留學資訊和專家團隊的*指導,助您順利走上留學之路。期待與您的每一次相遇,祝申請順利!
2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析:Thomas Young
您好,我是專注留學考試規(guī)劃和留學咨詢的小鐘老師。在追尋留學夢想的路上,選擇合適的學校和專業(yè),準備相關考試,都可能讓人感到迷茫和困擾。作為一名有經驗的留學顧問,我在此為您提供全方位的專業(yè)咨詢和指導。歡迎隨時提問!
對于雅思考生來說,劍橋雅思閱讀題難不難?下面就和小鐘老師一起來看看2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析:Thomas Young。
Thomas Young
The Last True Know-It-All
A Thomas Young (1773-1829) contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica, including 46 biographical entries (mostly on scientists and classicists) and substantial essays on "Bridge,” "Chromatics," "Egypt," "Languages" and "Tides". Was someone who could write authoritatively about so many subjects a polymath, a genius or a dilettante? In an ambitious new biography, Andrew Robinson argues that Young is a good contender for the epitaph "the last man who knew everything." Young has competition, however: The phrase, which Robinson takes for his title, also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies: Leonard Warren's 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy (1823-1891) and Paula Findlen's 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680), another polymath.
B Young, of course, did more than write encyclopedia entries. He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday. In the paper, Young explained the process of accommodation in the human eye on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances. Young hypothesized that this was achieved by changes in the shape of the lens. Young also theorized that light traveled in waves and he believed that, to account for the ability to see in color, there must be three receptors in the eye corresponding to the three "principal colors" to which the retina could respond: red, green, violet. All these hypothesis were subsequently proved to be correct.
C Later in his life, when he was in his forties, Young was instrumental in cracking the code that unlocked the unknown script on the Rosetta Stone, a tablet that was "found" in Egypt by the Napoleonic army in 1799. The stone contains text in three alphabets: Greek, something unrecognizable and Egyptian hieroglyphs. The unrecognizable script is now known as demotic and, as Young deduced, is related directly to hieroglyphic. His initial work on this appeared in his Britannica entry on Egypt. In another entry, he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India. These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who, unlike many remarkable children, did not disappear into oblivion as an *.
D Born in 1773 in Somerset in England, Young lived from an early age with his maternal grandfather, eventually leaving to attend boarding school. He haddevoured books from the age of two, and through his own initiative he excelled at Latin, Greek, mathematics and natural philosophy. After leaving school, he was greatly encouraged by his mother's uncle, Richard Brocklesby, a physician and Fellow of the Royal Society. Following Brocklesby's lead, Young decided to pursue a career in medicine. He studied in London, following the medical circuit, and then moved on to more formal education in Edinburgh, Gottingen and Cambridge. After completing his medical training at the University of Cambridge in 1808, Young set up practice as a physician in London. He soon became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and a few years later was appointed physician at St. George's Hospital.
E Young's skill as a physician, however, did not equal his skill as a scholar of natural philosophy or linguistics. Earlier, in 1801, he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution, where he delivered as many as 60 lectures in a year. These were published in two volumes in 1807. In 1804 Young had become secretary to the Royal Society, a post he would hold until his death. His opinions were sought on civic and national matters, such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction. From 1819 he was superintendent of the Nautical Almanac and secretary to the Board of Longitude. From 1824 to 1829 he was physician to and inspector of calculations for the Palladian Insurance Company. Between 1816 and 1825 he contributed his many and various entries to the Encyclopedia Britannica, and throughout his career he authored numerous books, essays and papers.
F Young is a perfect subject for a biography - perfect, but daunting. Few men contributed so much to so many technical fields. Robinson's aim is to introduce non-scientists to Young's work and life. He succeeds, providing clear expositions of the technical material (especially that on optics and Egyptian hieroglyphs). Some readers of this book will, like Robinson, find Young's accomplishments impressive; others will see him as some historians have - as a dilettante. Yet despite the rich material presented in this book, readers will not end up knowing Young personally. We catch glimpses of a playful Young, doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs. Young was introduced into elite society, attended the theatre and learned to dance and play the flute. In addition, he was an accomplished horseman. However, his personal life looks pale next to his vibrant career and studies.
G Young married Eliza Maxwell in 1804, and according to Robinson, "their marriage was a happy one and she appreciated his work." Almost all we know about her is that she sustained her husband through some rancorous disputes about optics and that she worried about money when his medical career was slow to take off. Very little evidence survives about the complexities of Young's relationships with his mother and father. Robinson does not credit them, or anyone else, with shaping Young's extraordinary mind. Despite the lack of details concerning Young's relationships, however, anyone interested in what it means to be a genius should read this book.
Questions 1-7
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1 “The last man who knew everything” has also been claimed to other people.
2 All Young’s articles were published in Encyclopedia Britannica.
3 Like others, Young wasn't so brilliant when grew up.
4 Young's talents as a doctor are surpassing his other skills.
5 Young's advice was sought by people responsible for local and national issues.
6 Young was interested in various social pastimes.
7 Young suffered from a disease in his later years.
Questions 8-13
Answer the questions below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
8 How many life stories did Young write for Encyclopedia Britannica?
9 What aspect of scientific research did Young do in his first academic paper?
10 What name did Young introduce to refer to a group of languages?
11 Who inspired Young to start the medical studies?
12 Where did Young get a teaching position?
13 What contribution did Young make to London?
文章題目:
Thomas Young—The Last True Know-it All
托馬斯·楊——最后一個無所不知的人
篇章結構
體裁人物傳記
題目托馬斯·楊——最后一個無所不知的人
結構A段:托馬斯·楊對百科全書的主要成就
B段:托馬斯年輕時的主要成就
C段:托馬斯晚年的主要成就
D段:托馬斯童年的生活背景及成長經歷
E段:托馬斯作為自然哲學學者取得的成就
F段: 托馬斯在其他領域的成就
G段:托馬斯的感情生活
試題分析
Question 1-7
題目類型:True / false /not given
題號定位詞文中對應點題目解析
1Other peopleA段第四句“Young has competition, however: The phrase, which Robinson takes for his title, also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies: Leonard Warren's 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy (1823-1891) and Paula Findlen's 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680), another polymath.”該句中明確給出了Young還有其他的競爭者,他們的傳記中也同樣擁有這樣的小標題,分別是Leonard Warren寫的關于Joseph Leidy的傳記,以及 Paula Findlen's寫的關于Athanasius Kircher的傳記。
因此,本題答案為True
2all, articlesB段第一、二句B段第一句 “Young, of course, did more than write encyclopedia entries.”明確表示Young所做的遠不僅僅是編輯大英百科全書的詞條,因此并不是所有的都在百科全書。而在本段第二句中,作者指出,Young在20歲的時候將自己的第一篇論文自薦給倫敦皇家學會,并在一年后成為該學會的會員: He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday。Paper與article為近意思。顯然,題干與原文含義相反。
因此,本題答案為False
3likeC段最后一句C段整體是在介紹Young晚年的主要成就,即Young長大后的成就。此外,在C段最后一句中,作者明確指出Young和其他的孩子不同的一點在于,Young并沒有像其他那些年少成名而后來江郎才盡的孩子一樣,他后來同樣取得了非凡的成就: These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who, unlike many remarkable children, did not disappear into oblivion as an *.句中的unlike為like的反義詞,顯然題干與原文含義相反。
因此,本題答案為False
4surpassingD段第四、七句D段介紹了Young的成長背景和經歷,同時體現(xiàn)出其涉獵范圍較為廣泛。其中第四句中提到Young決定學醫(yī),并且在后面的介紹中指出Young還參加戲劇演出,學習跳舞和吹笛子: He then broke with his Quaker upbringing by attending the theater and learning to dance and play the flute. In addition, he was an accomplished horseman.而在第七句中作者指出Young還是一名杰出的馬術師。但是并未指出Young在哪個方面的造詣更高,更有天賦。Surpassing這個概念并沒有在文中體現(xiàn)。
因此,本題答案為Not Given
5soughtE段第四句“ His opinions were sought on civic and national matters”,文中表明Young的很多觀點關注人民和國家事務。題干與原文含義相同。
因此,本題答案為True
6Interested in, social pastimeF段第七句“We catch glimpses of a playful Young, doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs.”文中指出,通過Young的醫(yī)學演講中亂寫的希臘字母和拉丁短語以及將一位年輕女性寫在涼亭上的詩歌翻譯成希臘挽歌便能看出他的幽默。顯然,Young對于這樣的社交娛樂是感興趣的。題干和原文相符合。
因此,本題答案為True
7disease, later yearsC段第一句,G段第一句C段第一句給出了“l(fā)ater in his life,”但是本段近講述了Young晚年在學術方面的成就;G段給出了Young的婚后生活,以及Robinson在書中并未提及Young與父母間的關系。但無論哪一個點都沒有提及其晚年飽受某種疾病之苦。
因此,本題答案為Not Given
題目類型:Short-answer question
8life storiesA段第一句“Thomas Young (1773-1829) contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica, including 46 biographical entries (mostly on scientists and classicists)…”該劇中的“biographical entries”指傳記詞條,與題干中的life stories表示相同涵義。
因此,本題答案為46
9first academic paperB段第三句“In the paper, on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances, Young hypothesized that deformation of the crystalline lens accomplished the accommodation.”B段段首表明,Young將自己的第一篇論文自薦給了倫敦皇家學會學會。因此本段討論的是其第一篇論文。而本段第三句指出,在這篇論文中,Young主要討論了人類眼球的調節(jié)機制
因此,本題答案為humaneye或human eye accommodation
10a group of languagesC段第五句“In another entry, he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India.”該句指出,Young創(chuàng)造了術語 Indo-European來描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語言。
因此,本題答案為Indo-European
11inspire, medical studiesD段第四句D段前面介紹了Young童年時期的生活背景。本段第四句中則指出:“Following Brocklesby's lead, Young decided to pursue a career in medicine.”。顯然,正是因為 Richard Brocklesby的引導,Young才決定在醫(yī)學方面有所建樹。
因此,本題答案為 Richard Brocklesby
12teaching positionE段第二句“ Earlier, in 1801, he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution”,題干中的teaching position與E段第二句中的professorship均表示“教師職位”,該句明確指出,Young作為自然哲學的教授,受聘于英國科學研究所。
因此,本題答案為 Royal Institution
13LondonE段第五句“His opinions were sought on civic and national matters, such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction.”E段主要介紹了Young作為自然哲學學者取得的成就。而第五句則列舉了Young的兩個成就,其對于倫敦的所做出的成就在于煤氣照明的引入。
因此,本題答案為gas lighting
A我們該怎樣理解托馬斯·楊(1773-1829)?他是《大不列顛百科全書》中63篇文章的作者,其中包括46篇傳記(大部分都是關于科學家和古典學者),和大量關于“橋” “色彩論” “埃及” “語吉” “潮汐”等的論文。一個能夠寫出這樣多有權威性文章的人應該算是一個博學者? 一個天才?還是一個業(yè)余興趣廣泛的人呢?在一篇關于他的比較激進的傳記中,Andrew Robinson 認為托馬斯楊是-位強有力的競爭者能夠配得這樣的墓志銘“是最后一個知道任何事的人”。但是楊也要面對競爭:因為這樣的傳記標題Robinson不僅給了他,也作為副標題給了有關另兩位學者的傳記:Lenard Warren 1998年著的《古生物學家Joseph Leipy的一生》(1823-1891)以及Paula Findlen 2023年著的關于另一位博學者Athanasius Kircher(1602-1680)的傳記。
B當然楊的貢獻遠不止寫了很多百科全書上的文章,他在20歲的時候將自己的第一篇論文自薦給倫敦皇家學會,并在他的21歲生日后被評為一周科學人物,楊在該篇論文中解釋了人類眼睛的調節(jié)機制一一關于眼睛如何通過不同的距離聚焦在物體上。在后面的文章中,他更加全面地探討了這個問題,類似牛頓,他在自己身上進行了可怕的實驗用以獲得相關的證據,他還得出這樣的理論:光是通過“以太”分子的振動,以波的形式進行傳遞的,而“以太”是一種假想物質,其存在還存在爭議性。他還認為為了能看見顏色,必須要有3個感應器對“三原色”進行感應,而這三種視網膜對其產生感應的顏色就是紅,黃,藍二種顏色。
C在他人生的晚些時候,也就是40多歲的時候,楊試圖破解鎖在羅塞塔石碑里的未知文字密碼,這個石碑是在1799年在埃及被拿破侖的軍隊發(fā)現(xiàn)的,并且從1802年起就在英國博物館進行展出。該石碑上包含了 3種不同的字母:希臘語,不可辨識的文字以及埃及的象形文字。這種不可辨識的文字現(xiàn)在被認為是正如楊所推斷的是很普通的,是和象形文字直接相關的。他最初有關這方面的工作首次出現(xiàn)在他在《大不列顛百科全書》中編纂的詞條。在另一個條目中,他創(chuàng)造了術語“Indo-European”來描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語言。這些都是這是這位從小就展露科學天賦并且不像很多孩子后來江郎才盡的科學家獲得的里程碑式的成就。
D托馬斯·楊出生在英國薩默塞特郡一個虔誠的教友會教徒家庭,從小和他的外公一起長大,最后去了寄宿學校。他兩歲的時候就博覽群書,并且自學熟練掌握了拉丁語,希臘語,數學以及哲學,在很大程度上他受到了舅舅Richard Brocklesby的鼓勵,他的舅舅也是英國皇家學會的一位內科醫(yī)生。在Brocklesby的引導下,楊決定要在醫(yī)學方而有所建樹,他曾先后在倫敦大學、愛丁堡大學和格丁根大學學習醫(yī)學,多虧了Brocklesby的引薦,楊進入了英國皇家學會,他最后也打破了從小在教友會的教育,他參加戲劇演出,學習跳舞和吹笛子,此外,他還是一位杰出的馬術師。在1808年結束在劍橋大學的醫(yī)學學習后,楊在倫敦開了一家診所,很快他就成為皇家內科醫(yī)生學會的一員,并且?guī)啄旰蟪蔀槭讨吾t(yī)院的一名內科醫(yī)生。
E楊作為內科醫(yī)生的醫(yī)術卻趕不上他作為自然哲學學者或是語言學家取得的成就,早在1801年,他已經被任命為英國皇家學會的教授,他每年要在那里舉辦60場的講座。這些講座在1807年以兩本書的形式進行出版。1804年楊就已經成為英國朵家學會的秘書,而他獲此殊榮直至去世。他的很多觀點關注人民和國家事務,比如說在倫敦引進煤氣照明和造船方法。從1819年起,他就是航海天文年歷的主要負責人,也是Board of Longitude的秘書。從1824年到1829年,他擔任Palladian 保險公司的精算師和內科醫(yī)生。在1816年和1825年間,他為《大不列顛百科全書》編纂了許多詞條,而且窮其一生著作,論文無數。
F我們通過楊在醫(yī)學課上胡亂寫的希臘字母和拉丁文短語以及他將一位年輕的女士寫在避暑山莊墻上的詩句翻譯成挽歌可以看出他的幽默,但是他的個人生活也因為自己對工作和研究的全情投入而略顯蒼白。
G他在1804年和Eliza Maxwell結婚,據Robinson所述“他們的婚姻是幸福的,因為他的夫人欣賞他的工作”。我們對于他夫人的了解僅限于她在她丈夫備受一些關于眼睛的理論方面爭議的時候總是堅定地支持他,并且當他的醫(yī)學生涯開始慢慢起飛的時候,她開始有些擔心錢的問題。值得一提的是,楊沒有被保護的人,他都是和自己的導師進行互動一一先是他的外公,后是Brocklesby一一還有先于他過失的一些偉人(其中很多是很著名的如牛頓,楊最早在17歲讀了他寫的書)。但是關于楊和他母親以及父親的關系的記述卻鮮力人知,Robinson在說到楊的非凡的頭腦時也并沒有將其歸功于他的父母,或許很難有這樣的巧合:過去的天才都是由于卓越的父母教育造就的。
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