劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析（雅思閱讀熟詞多義題解析）

今天大學路小編為大家?guī)砹藙蜓潘奸喿xAUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析（雅思閱讀熟詞多義題解析），希望能幫助到大家，一起來看看吧！

本文目錄一覽：

• 1、劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析
• 2、雅思閱讀熟詞多義題解析
• 3、劍7閱讀難點剖析

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析

做好雅思的閱讀題除了掌握對的 方法 ，也離不開我們日常的辛勤練習，下面我給大家?guī)韯蜓潘奸喿xAUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS及答案解析，一起加油吧！

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

A They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. At the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), hundreds of youngsters and pros live and train under the eyes of coaches. Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC), finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sport*en and women. Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.

B Inside the academies, science takes centre stage. The AIS employs more than 100 sports scientists and doctors, and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research centres. AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one — such as building muscle strength in golfers — to others, such as swimming and squash. They are backed up by technicians who design instruments to collect data from athletes. They all focus on one aim: winning. ‘We can’t waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that don’t help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance,’ says Peter Fricker, chief of science at AIS.

C A lot of their work comes down to measurement — everything from the exact angle of a swimmer’s dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist. This data is used to wring improvements out of athletes. The focus is on individuals, tweaking performances to squeeze an extra hundredth of a second here, an extra millimetre there. No gain is too slight to bother with. It’s the tiny, gradual improvements that add up to world-beating results. To demonstrate how the system works, Bruce Mason at AIS shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis tool for studying swimmers. A wire-frame model of a champion swimmer slices through the water, her arms moving in slow motion. Looking side-on, Mason measures the distance between strokes. From above, he *yses how her spine swivels. When fully developed, this system will enable him to build a biomechanical profile for coaches to use to help budding swimmers. Mason’s contribution to sport also includes the development of the SWAN (Swimming Analysis) system now used in Australian national competitions. It collects images from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second and breaks down each part of a swimmer’s performance into factors that can be *ysed individually — stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity, start, lap and finish times, and so on. At the end of each race, SWAN spits out data on each swimmer.

D ‘Take a look,’ says Mason, pulling out a sheet of data. He points out the data on the swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one who finished third actually swam faster. So why did he finish 35 hundredths of a second down? ‘His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy,’ says Mason. ‘If he can improve on his turns, he can do much better.’ This is the kind of accuracy that AIS scientists’ research is bringing to a range of sports. With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne, they are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete’s clothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete’s ability to run. There’s more to it than simply measuring performance. Fricker gives the example of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds 11 or 12 times a year. After years of experimentation, AIS and the University of Newcastle in New South Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-system protein immunoglobulin A is present in athletes’ saliva. If IgA levels suddenly fall below a certain level, training is eased or dropped altogether. Soon, IgA levels start rising again, and the danger passes. Since the tests were introduced, AIS athletes in all sports have been remarkably successful at staying healthy.

E Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a ‘competition model’, based on what they expect will be the winning times.’ You design the model to make that time,’ says Mason.’ A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast, with a certain stroke frequency and stroke length, with turns done in these times.’ All the training is then geared towards making the athlete hit those targets, both overall and for each segment of the race. Techniques like these have transformed Australia into arguably the world’s most successful sporting nation.

F Of course, there’s nothing to stop other countries copying — and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes. At the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists’ and rowers’ times. Now everyone uses them. The same has happened to the ‘altitude tent’, developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level. But Australia’s success story is about more than easily copied technological fixes, and up to now no nation has replicated its all-encompassing system.

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS題目

Questions 1-7

Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports

2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations

3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity

4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced

5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated

6 an overview of the funded support of athletes

7 how performance requirements are calculated before an event

Questions 8-11

Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states they

A are currently exclusively used by Australians

B will be used in the future by Australians

C are currently used by both Australians and their rivals

Write the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.

8 cameras

9 sensors

10 protein tests

11 altitude tents

Questions 12 and 13

Answer the questions below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.

12 What is produced to help an athlete plan their performance in an event?

13 By how much did some cyclists’ performance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games?

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS答案

Question 1

答案：B

關鍵詞：exchange of expertise, between different sports/collaborate, across a number of sports

定位原文：B段第2、3句“...and collaborates with… a number of sports …”

解題思路: 題干中講到不同體育領域的專業(yè)知識交流正好跟原文中跨不同體育專家之間的合作相對應，理解意思即可容易找到正確答案。

Question 2

答案：C

關鍵詞: visual imaging/3D, image

定位原文: C段第6句: “...shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis …”

解題思路: 通過題干中的視頻成像可以很容易找到原文中對應的3D和成像。

Question 3

答案：B

關鍵詞: a reason for narrowing/ can’t waste time

定位原文: B段最后1句: “We can’t waste our time looking…”

解題思路: 題目中的research activity和原文中的scientific questions 屬于同義表達，定位答題區(qū)域，發(fā)現此句話所要表達的意思是不在一些飄渺的、不切實際的科學問題上浪費時間，也就是說要縮小研究的范圍。

Question 4

答案：F

關鍵詞：AIS ideas reproduce/ copying

定位原文: F段第1句話 “Of course, there’s nothing…”

解題思路: 題干中的reproduce是復制的意思，之后從 文章 中發(fā)現 句子 有復制copying，即可以直接定位。

Question 5

答案：D

關鍵詞：Obstacle, investigated/ impact, monitor

定位原文: D段第6句“... to monitor heart rate…”

解題思路: 題干提到理想成績的障礙是如何被調查研究的，而讀到對應句子之后看到正好是sensors(傳感器)對于運動員跑步的impact(影響)進行研究的儀器，而且obstacles和impact對應。

Question 6

答案：A

關鍵詞：Overview, funded support finance

定位原文: A段倒數第2句 “...finances programmes of excellence…”

解題思路: finances是解題關鍵，意思為資助，正好跟題干中funded support表達了相同的義項，直接對應。而且之后一句話提及以上項目所提供的服務和建議，可以確信答案。

Question 7

答案：E

關鍵詞：Calculated before an event/ using data, well before a championship

定位原文: E段第1句、第2句 “Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, ...”

解題思路: 首先通過well before a championship和文章中before an event定位到E段， 之后發(fā)現后面提及的“競爭模型”作用就是計算時間和速率，因此內容對應上calculate，此時可斷定答案的位置。

Question 8

答案：A

關鍵詞: digital cameras

定位原文: C段倒數第3句: “..SWAN system now used in Australian national…”

解題思路: 前一句已經提到該系統(tǒng)已廣泛應用于澳大利亞各項全國賽事之中，而沒有提到其他國家，因此可以判斷應該只有澳大利亞人在使用。

Question 9

答案：B

關鍵詞：sensor

定位原文: D段第7句：“...With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro…”

解題思路: 找到相同對應詞sensor，讀其前后的句子，發(fā)現有 Melbourne，斷定是澳大利亞人的發(fā)明。之后要特別留心動詞develop運用現在進行時，表示正在開發(fā);而且注意之后的定語從句采用了將來時，所以可以斷定此發(fā)明還沒有完成，應該屬于將來的成果。因此選擇B。

Question 10

答案: A

關鍵詞：protein

定位原文: D段倒數第4句: “… AIS and the University of Newcastle…”

解題思路: 非常容易在前面第一句話中找到跟題目protein tests所對應的詞語a test ...protein。之后細讀前后句，發(fā)現后面一句話對于此項科技成果的受益者文章中只提到AIS運動員，即澳大利亞體育學院的運動員，隸屬于澳大利亞，所以應該選擇A。

Question 11

答案：C

關鍵詞: altitude tent

定位原文: F段倒數第2句: “The same has happened to the ‘altitude tent ’…”

解題思路: 文章中很容易找到用引號括起來的題目中的名詞 短語 ，因此只要細心讀原句，就會發(fā)現開頭的‘The same has happened...’同樣的事情也發(fā)生在……根據 經驗 應該順著文章向上追溯，發(fā)現跟‘altitude tent’相同情況的是1996年奧運會上澳大利亞人受益的流線型散熱運動服現在全世界都在用。因此 ‘altitude tent’也被世界各國應用。所以答案應該選擇C。且根據此段話大意可以了解文章只提到兩種研究成果被別國運用，即髙原帳蓬和流線型散熱服。所以可以間接判斷前三項成果是由澳大利人獨享的。

Question 12

答案： (a)competition model

關鍵詞： help an athlete plan, produced / prepare the athlete by, developing

定位原文: E段第1句“Using data…”

解題思路: Help an athlete plan their performance 對應上prepare the athlete by之后，要認真研究題目所問的是what is produced,斷定所作答案必定要填一個名詞。因此要細讀原文發(fā)現有單詞developing恰與produced相對應，中文意思是“開發(fā)”，則答案必定是開發(fā)之后的名詞。

Question 13

答案： (by)2 percent/%

關鍵詞： 19% Olympic Games, cyclists, improve

定位原文: F段第3句“At the Atlanta…”

解題思路: 分析問句是 ‘By how much... improve’，意思為“提高了多少”，可以判斷出答案需要寫一個數字。因此仔細閱讀相關語句找到 sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists ‘and rowers’ time。很快就可以找到數字百分之二

。

雅思閱讀熟詞多義題解析

英語中純粹的單義詞很少，絕大多數詞都是多義詞，即一個詞項有兩個或兩個以上的意義。在雅思閱讀中，有很多詞匯看似很簡單，很熟悉，殊不知他有多個意思。把小伙伴們都迷得暈頭轉向的。今天我來為大家收集整理了雅思閱讀熟詞多義題解析，希望小伙伴們在雅思考試時能提高警惕，不再犯迷糊!

以下主要就雅思閱讀劍橋真題部分的一些存在熟詞多義的題目進行解析：

1.drive

C4T1P1：

In other words， they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the range of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social， economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests.

這是一個復雜的長難句，一共出現了三處定語從句，一處ways in which， 一處factors which，一處activities which。

drive的主語為連接代詞which代指的先行詞factors，提取之后變?yōu)閒actors drive the activities， 這里如果將這里作為動詞的drive 翻譯成駕駛，句子是完成不通順的，我們從后一處的定語從句中得知，activities指的是破壞雨林的行為，也就是前面的社會經濟和政治因素drive了一些破壞雨林的行為，也就是說，這里的drive是導致，迫使的意思。

C6T1P2

選項型SUMMARY

Q24： Manufacturers of computers， for instance， are able to import 24................. from overseas， rather than having to rely on a local supplier.

文章E段 To see how this influences trade， consider the business of making disk drives for computers. Most of the world's disk-drive manufacturing is concentrated in South-east Asia. This is possible only because disk drives， while valuable， are *all and light and so cost little to ship. Computer manufacturers in Japan or Texas will not face hugely bigger freight bills if they import drives from Singapore rather than purchasing them on the domestic market.

通過manufacturers of computers定位到E段。閱讀后我們可以知道電腦*商集中在東南亞*和進口disk drives而不是本國市場。如果同學對電腦知識比較了解的話，對于drive在這里的理解應該問題不大。根據一定的語法知識我們看得出這里的disk drives和disk-drive是名詞用法，可通過drive的基本含義“駕駛”進一步引申理解，“駕駛磁盤”過渡為“讓磁盤啟動”，正確的理解含義為：磁盤驅動器。對應到題目提供的選項“B. components”

2.subject

我們知道它由“科目”的意思，詞匯稍好的同學還會知道它還有“主語”和“主題”的含義。我們來看下面一題：

C5T1P2

單選題 Q20 The teacher-subjects were told that they were testing whether

A a 450-volt shock was dangerous.

B punishment helps learning.

C the pupils were honest.

D they were suited to teaching.

文章A段 Specifically， Milgram told each volunteer 'teacher-subject' that the experiment was in the noble cause of education， and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils' ability to learn.

文章這里的'teacher-subject'打了引號，也就是說即便同學你不認識，把它當作一個特殊詞符號，不理解不影響做題。不過明顯的是，把“科目”“主語”“主題”放這里，都不好理解。在雅思閱讀學術實驗類的文章中，subject是個高頻詞匯，作為“實驗對象”的含義來使用， 有時會同義替換為volunteer或participant。

C8T1P3

表格填空Q38 The results were then subjected to a 38…………………….

文章：In 1987， results from hundreds of autoganzfeld tests were studied by Honorton in a 'meta-*ysis'， a statistical technique for finding the overall results from a set of studies.

通過冠詞a我們可以知道此空填名詞單數，并且從表格縱軸同行的特殊定位詞in 1987，我們找到了定位句。但是定位句中存在冠詞a的三處，到底三處后的單詞填哪個呢。單詞不會，語法來湊，通過題目和文章的主干結構的一致性：A be subjected to B和A be studied By B in C， 由于Honorton是人名且不符合填詞規(guī)定，順理成章的'meta-*ysis'成為我們的選填對象。那subject to到底什么意思呢，通過文章，我們可以知道大概是被研究的意思，查了字典我們就了解，正確含義為“受…支配”。

類似的用法單詞還有：

1. state n. (美國的)州，狀態(tài)，*，adj. 國家的，國立的 v.陳述，說明

C8T4P1 判斷題Q8 Private schools in Japan are more modern and spacious than state-run lower secondary schools. State-run adj國立的

C7T4P1 第5段 There was a huge initial force- five times larger than the steady state force， Gharib says. State n.狀態(tài)

2. coin n. 硬幣， v. 創(chuàng)造，鑄造

C7T1P1 E段 The American zoologist Donald Griffin， who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar in bats， coined the term 'echolocation' to cover both sonar and radar， whether used by animals or by human instruments. Coin v 創(chuàng)造(first used)

3. spoke v. speak過去式，n 車輪的輻條(C4T1P3)

4. tuitionn. 學費，課程，講授，教學(C4T1P1)

5. complaint n. 抱怨，*，疾病(C4T2P2)

6. Interest v. 是感興趣n. 興趣，利益，利息(C4T3P1)

7. leaves v. leave的動詞三單形式 n.葉子(Pl)(C8T4P3)

8. press v. 按壓，n. 印刷，新聞工作者，新聞(C5T1P3/C5T4P2)

(pressing adj. 迫切的，急切的 C7T1P2)

希望以上內容能對大家有所幫助!我預祝大家在雅思閱讀考試中能夠取得理想的成績!更多信息敬請關注雅思頻道!

劍7閱讀難點剖析

您好，我是專注留學考試規(guī)劃和留學咨詢的小鐘老師。在追尋留學夢想的路上，選擇合適的學校和專業(yè)，準備相關考試，都可能讓人感到迷茫和困擾。作為一名有經驗的留學顧問，我在此為您提供全方位的專業(yè)咨詢和指導。歡迎隨時提問！
劍橋雅思系列是和雅思考試真實的難度很接近，所以極具參考價值，劍7里的閱讀部分有不少難點，那么今天我們就來大家剖析一下。
先瀏覽一下Test 1三篇文章的題目,題型包括段落細節(jié)定位題,summary 題,heading題, 判斷題及選擇題,這些都是歷屆雅思考試主流常考題型,做套題時貴在沉住氣,靜心,對做題順序做整體的把握,并充分運用各題型的做題方法。
就PASSAGE 1 做具體講解, QUESTIONS 1-5 是個段落細節(jié)定位題,這種題型要求我們基本上每一段都要看而且段落從頭到尾都得看,非常耗時,而且準確率不算高,通常情況下我們把這五道題留到最后去做,做完之后的題目對這道題是有幫助的。
QUESTIONS6-9 是個SUMMARY, 我們看題目要求,并沒有段落限制,很有可能答案就會很分散,但也不排除答案集中的情況,QUESTIONS 10-13 是個句子填空題,那么SUMMARY 題和句子填空題是相通的,它們都是填空題,在很多情況下,都是通過定位詞找細節(jié),所以我們可把這兩道題結合著做,畫好QUESTIONS 6-13的定位詞,去原文從第一段看起來,找細節(jié)。
第6題通過facial vision, pain, arm, leg 等定位詞,定位在D 段 , 即 like the referred pain in a phantom limb, 與題目的pain from a ______ arm or leg 進行了同義轉換,答案為 phantom.. 第7題 the ability actually comes from perceiving ________ through the ears( 這種能力通過耳朵感知什么而得到)。
我們按順序原則從原文繼續(xù)往下看 the sensation of facial vision , it turns out, really goes in though the ears. Blind people, without even being aware of the fact, are actually using echoes of their own footsteps and of other sounds, to sense the presence of obstacles.
定位詞ears 出現,那么對這句話做理解,這種facial vision的感覺是通過耳朵得到的,盲人(沒有意識到這一點)通過耳朵感受回聲來感知障礙的存在.答案即為 echoes/ obstacles.. 通過這道題perceiving ________,(感知 …)我們發(fā)現找動詞后面即為答案,sense the presence of obstacles。
第8題定位詞為instrument, calculate. 原文before this was discovered, engineers had already built instrument to exloit the principle, for example to measure the depth of the sea under a ship.動詞后為答案,calculate 和measure 同義轉換, 即測量depth. 第9題定位詞wartime, device, finding. 原文after this technique had been invented, it was only a matter of time before weapons designers adapted it for the detection of submarines. Finding 和detection 同義轉換 即探尋 submarines。
QUESTIONS10-13 填空題作題方法一樣,但難度加強,理解上困難些.舉第10 題為例,這道題較為困難."在RADAR 發(fā)明之前,______ 導致了蝙蝠復雜的象雷達一樣的系統(tǒng)." 通過RADAR定位E段.The sonar and radar pioneers didn't know it then, but all the world now know that bats, or rather natural selection working on bats ,had perfected the system tens of millions of years earlier, and their radar achieves feats of detection and navigation that would strike an engineer dumb with admiration.
通過這道題,我們要具備一定的長難句分析能力,"SONAR和RADAR 的先鋒者不知道,但現在我們都知道---- 是蝙蝠,更確切的說是作用于蝙蝠的NATURAL SELECTION 很多年前就完善了這個系統(tǒng),即他們的'RADAR'系統(tǒng)有探測導航的功能.答案即為 NATURAL SELECTION導致了蝙蝠復雜的象雷達一樣的系統(tǒng)。
做完6-13 題回到1-5 題,第5題馬上能得到解決(通過第9題 wartime application in devices for finding submarines 判斷第5題 military use 來自于 D 段.當然其他段落我們還要去理解,找對應。
再來看PASSAGE2, QUESTIONS 14-20 是個HEADING 題,留最后做,因為之后的細節(jié)題對這道題有幫助.QUESTIONS 21-26 為判斷題,判斷題實為細節(jié)題,劃好各題定位詞之后根據順序原則從第一段看起進行判斷,這個判斷題不算難,答案覆蓋范圍從A段到F 段,那么這就為HEADING 奠定了基礎,回到HEADING題,根據先前做判斷題的印象,再把每一段從頭至尾理解一次(這篇文章不難),跟HEADING 逐個對應。
再來看PASSAGE 3, 這篇文章難度加大,QUESTIONS 27-30 是選擇題, QUESTIONS 31-36為判斷題,QUESTIONS 37-40為SUMMARY題,題目都為細節(jié)題,那么按什么順序處理.單選題一般都是非常好定位的,27題,根據EDUCATING PSYCHE 定位在第一段,根據順序原則那么28-30 題肯定在27題之后出現.31題位置有兩種,一種是在30 題之后,一種是還得從第一段看起,那么根據31題THE FOUTH PARAGRAPH 題目定位在第四段,32-36肯定在31題之后出現,SUMMARY題位置較難把握,可能在36題之后,也可能會混在全文當中, 留最后去處理。
那么選擇題各選項之間要進行排除,這方面可能會有難度,判斷題理解判斷方面存在麻煩,學生可根據自己的所長和喜好選擇先做那一道大題.這篇文章選擇題難度較大,再這里就選擇題方面進行一個解析.27 題問Educating Psyche 這本書主要是關于什么。
答案通過Educating Psyche定位在第一段,第一段都需要進行閱讀并理解,段落意思為:Educating Psyche是一本關注激進的新的學習方法的書,描述了emotion, imagination 和unconscious 對學習的影響,這本書討論的一個理論 由George Lozanov提出,這個理論集中討論了建議的力量。
選項A (學習中建議的力量),只是書本的一個理論之一,不是書本主要內容.選項B (一個基于情感的特殊的學習方法),文章沒有提及.選項C (emotion 對imagination 和 unconscious 的影響,而文章是說emotion, imagination 和unconscious 對學習的影響),跟文章不符.選項D (這本書的主要關注非傳統(tǒng)的學習方法) not traditional 和radical new approaches to learning 對應.選擇題很多情況下,在找準定位詞的條件下要對定位詞所在的段落進行理解,以此對各選項進行比較和取舍。
以上就是對劍7的閱讀部分的難點剖析，供考生們參考復習。
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