5月11日雅思閱讀考試真題及答案 2023年1月11日雅思閱讀考試真題答案

最近經(jīng)常有小伙伴私信詢問5月11日雅思閱讀考試真題及答案 2023年1月11日雅思閱讀考試真題答案相關(guān)的問題，今天，大學(xué)路小編整理了以下內(nèi)容，希望可以對大家有所幫助。

本文目錄一覽：

• 1、2019年5月11日雅思閱讀考試真題及答案
• 2、劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析
• 3、2023年1月11日雅思閱讀考試真題答案

2019年5月11日雅思閱讀考試真題及答案

上周的雅思考試已經(jīng)圓滿結(jié)束，真題及答案也新鮮出爐。下面來跟著看一看2019年5月11日雅思閱讀考試真題及答案。

真題

P1 Multiple Intelligences教育學(xué)的多元智能理論（舊題）

P2獨(dú)特的金色紡織品蜘蛛絲與紡織品（舊題）

P3 persuation的秘密營銷勸導(dǎo)（舊題）

第1段：教育學(xué)的多元智能理論

1，T

2，T

3，NG

4，F(xiàn)

5，討論

6，錄音

7，obervation技能

8，建筑材料

9，情緒

10，收藏

11，熟練掌握

12，失敗

13，個人差異

第2段：蜘蛛絲

1，VII

2，V

3，九

4，I

5，靜脈

6，六

7，B

8，A

9，C

10，A

11，細(xì)菌

12，腺

13，力

第3段：勸說的秘密心理學(xué)的說服理論

Cialdini的毛巾實(shí)驗(yàn)（稍后更多）是他研究我們?nèi)绾握f服別人說是的一部分。他想知道為什么有些人有歪曲別人意志的訣竅，是一個*冷靜的人打*給你談?wù)摲謺r度假，還是父母的孩子即使沒有極端暴力的威脅也是如此。雖然他急于不被視為為蛇油*人員寫圣經(jīng)的人，但幾十年來，亞利桑那州立大學(xué)社會心理學(xué)教授一直在為說服原則和方法創(chuàng)建系統(tǒng)，并撰寫有關(guān)它們的暢銷書。有些人似乎天生具備這些技能，Cialdini聲稱通過應(yīng)用一點(diǎn)科學(xué)，即使是我們這些不應(yīng)該能夠更頻繁地走自己路的人。

B他發(fā)現(xiàn)說服心理學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)只講述了故事的一部分，所以他開始在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中研究影響力，參加*培訓(xùn)計劃：“我學(xué)會了如何從很多地方*汽車，如何從辦公室*保險，如何*門到門的百科全書“。他總結(jié)說，有六種一般的“影響原則”，并且在稍微更科學(xué)的條件下對它們進(jìn)行了測試。最近，這意味著要弄亂毛巾。許多酒店在每個浴室都留下一張小卡片，要求客人重復(fù)使用毛巾，從而節(jié)約水和電，減少污染。Cialdini和他的同事想要測試不同單詞在這些卡上的相對有效性?？腿耸欠裼袆恿献髦皇且?yàn)樗兄谡鹊厍颍€是其他因素更引人注目？為了測試這一點(diǎn)，研究人員將卡片的信息從環(huán)境信息轉(zhuǎn)換為大多數(shù)信息的簡單（和真實(shí)）聲明

酒店的客人至少重復(fù)使用過一次毛巾。收到此消息的客人重復(fù)使用毛巾的可能性比舊消息的26％。

C毛巾很多。Cialdini也從糖果中學(xué)到了很多東西。是！ 引用新澤西州行為科學(xué)家大衛(wèi)·斯特羅梅茨的作品，他想看看餐館顧客如何回應(yīng)他們的食物服務(wù)器上的一個可笑的小恩惠，以每餐晚餐的餐后巧克力的形式?？磥恚卦E在于你如何給巧克力。當(dāng)巧克力與賬單到達(dá)時。與沒有巧克力的時候相比，提示吝嗇3％。但是當(dāng)巧克力被單獨(dú)丟棄在每個用餐者面前時，提示上升了14％。然而，科學(xué)突破發(fā)生在服務(wù)員給每個用餐者一個巧克力，離開餐桌然后翻了一倍再給他們一個，好像這樣的慷慨只發(fā)生在她身上。小貼士上漲23％。這是行動中的“互惠”：

Aucldand＇s Soul Bar的運(yùn)營經(jīng)理D Geeling Ng表示，她從來沒有聽說過新西蘭等候工作人員使用這種玩世不恭的伎倆，尤其是因?yàn)樾挛魈m的小費(fèi)文化與美國不同：“如果你在新西蘭這樣做，當(dāng)食客們離開時，他們會說我們能有更多嗎？“但她當(dāng)然理解互惠的一般原則。到餐館的心臟的方式是“給他們一些他們在服務(wù)方面不期望的東西”。它可能就像在盤子上留下薄荷一樣小，或者可能記得上次他們在他們想要的水中沒有冰和沒有檸檬?！霸诿绹鼘⑥D(zhuǎn)化為即時提示。在新西蘭，它轉(zhuǎn)化為一個巨大的微笑并感謝你?！昂翢o疑問，回訪。

PERSUASION原則

E互惠：人們想要回饋那些給予他們的人。這里的訣竅是先進(jìn)入。這就是為什么慈善機(jī)構(gòu)在郵件中放入一支蹩腳的筆，以及為什么超市中的微笑女性會分發(fā)免費(fèi)食物。稀缺性：人們需要更多可以擁有的東西。廣告商無情地利用稀缺性（“每個客戶限制四個”，“*必須很快結(jié)束”），Cialdini建議父母也這樣做：“孩子們想要的東西不那么可用，所以說＇這是一個不尋常的機(jī)會，你只能擁有這個一段時間＇?！?

權(quán)威：我們相信那些知道他們在談?wù)撌裁吹娜恕Ｒ虼?，在您開始影響他們之前，請誠實(shí)地告知人們您的憑據(jù)?！澳銜@訝于有多少人沒有做到這一點(diǎn)，”Cialdini說。“他們覺得談?wù)撍麄兊膶I(yè)知識是不禮貌的?！痹谝豁?xiàng)研究中，建議患者不做運(yùn)動的治療師突出顯示他們的資格證書。他們確實(shí)做到了，并且在患者依從性方面立即實(shí)現(xiàn)了飛躍。承諾/一致性：我們希望以符合我們已經(jīng)做出的承諾的方式行事。在征求慈善捐款時，利用這一點(diǎn)來獲得更高的注冊率。首先詢問同事是否認(rèn)為他們會贊助你的雞蛋和勺子馬拉松比賽。膠乳

以贊助形式返回給那些說是并提醒他們早些時候的人

承諾。

喜歡：我們經(jīng)常對我們喜歡的人說“是”。很明顯，但“喜歡”的原因可能很奇怪。在一項(xiàng)研究中，人們收到了調(diào)查表格，并要求將他們歸還給一位名叫研究員。當(dāng)研究人員給出一個類似于該主題的假名時（例如，辛西婭約翰遜被“辛迪約翰遜”送去調(diào)查），調(diào)查的可能性是完成的兩倍。我們喜歡與我們相似的人，即使這些相似之處與他們名字的聲音一樣小。社會證明：“我們通過環(huán)顧四周來看看其他人和我們一樣在做什么來決定做什么。Cialdini說，對父母有用?！罢业揭蝗汉⒆樱麄儽憩F(xiàn)得像你希望你的孩子一樣，因?yàn)楹⒆涌聪蛞贿叾皇悄恪！备泻Γ?

問題14-17

以下陳述是否與閱讀第2段中的信息一致？

如果聲明同意該信息，則為TRUE

如果聲明與信息相矛盾，則為FALSE

如果沒有相關(guān)信息，請不要提供

14 Robert Cialdini在家中體驗(yàn)了“說服原則”。

15說服原則在兩個不同的國家有不同的類型。

16在新西蘭，人們傾向于在服務(wù)巧克力后給服務(wù)員提示。

17原則上，餐館的額外服務(wù)很容易吸引新西蘭的老一代

互惠。

問題18-21

選擇正確的字母A，B，C或D.

18 Cialdinienrollin在B段中的“*培訓(xùn)計劃”是什么？

他的興趣在于學(xué)術(shù)部分。

B他研究秘密說服力的動機(jī)。

C他的教授身份使他很容易進(jìn)入這個過程。

D本課程與他進(jìn)行的毛巾實(shí)驗(yàn)有關(guān)。

19關(guān)于Robert Cialdini，以下哪項(xiàng)不正確？

他是大學(xué)的學(xué)術(shù)心理學(xué)家。

B他是皂甙*的代表。

C他參加了一個*培訓(xùn)課程。

他和同事們進(jìn)行了毛巾實(shí)驗(yàn)。

20根據(jù)毛巾實(shí)驗(yàn)，以下哪項(xiàng)是正確的？

這個實(shí)驗(yàn)的靈感來源于勸說科學(xué)。

B不同的消息對賓客有不同的影響。

C客戶在重新發(fā)布消息后表現(xiàn)得更加生態(tài)。

D酒店留下卡片要求客人關(guān)燈。

21根據(jù)糖果店實(shí)驗(yàn)中的哪一項(xiàng)是正確的？

呈現(xiàn)方式會影響用餐者的提示。

B常客比非正規(guī)客戶提供更多提示。

C人們只在提供巧克力時給出提示。

D巧克力與法案得到更高的提示。

問題22-26

使用段落中的信息來匹配類別（列出的AI）以及下面的正確描述

一個奇特的頭銜

B先前的承諾

C憤世嫉俗的伎倆

D不尋常的機(jī)會

引人注目的消息

F不良行為

G相對值

H競爭唯物主義

我的名字相似

22巧克力實(shí)驗(yàn)表明人們不會在獲得和獲得之間評估_____

發(fā)行。

23父母用“互惠原則”來說服他們的孩子＇是____*他們

珍愛。

24專家不會出示他們的證書，因?yàn)樗赡鼙灰暈開_____炫耀。

25如果他們對你的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)說“是”，你可以提醒那些進(jìn)一步承諾的人

提案。

調(diào)查組織者和受訪者之間的A_____將有助于調(diào)查以積極的方式進(jìn)行

辦法。

勸說的秘密

沒有給

真正

假

沒有給

BBBAGDFBI

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析

做好雅思的閱讀題除了掌握對的 方法 ，也離不開我們?nèi)粘５男燎诰毩?xí)，下面我給大家?guī)韯蜓潘奸喿xAUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS及答案解析，一起加油吧！

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

A They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. At the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), hundreds of youngsters and pros live and train under the eyes of coaches. Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC), finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sport*en and women. Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.

B Inside the academies, science takes centre stage. The AIS employs more than 100 sports scientists and doctors, and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research centres. AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one — such as building muscle strength in golfers — to others, such as swimming and squash. They are backed up by technicians who design instruments to collect data from athletes. They all focus on one aim: winning. ‘We can’t waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that don’t help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance,’ says Peter Fricker, chief of science at AIS.

C A lot of their work comes down to measurement — everything from the exact angle of a swimmer’s dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist. This data is used to wring improvements out of athletes. The focus is on individuals, tweaking performances to squeeze an extra hundredth of a second here, an extra millimetre there. No gain is too slight to bother with. It’s the tiny, gradual improvements that add up to world-beating results. To demonstrate how the system works, Bruce Mason at AIS shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis tool for studying swimmers. A wire-frame model of a champion swimmer slices through the water, her arms moving in slow motion. Looking side-on, Mason measures the distance between strokes. From above, he *yses how her spine swivels. When fully developed, this system will enable him to build a biomechanical profile for coaches to use to help budding swimmers. Mason’s contribution to sport also includes the development of the SWAN (Swimming Analysis) system now used in Australian national competitions. It collects images from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second and breaks down each part of a swimmer’s performance into factors that can be *ysed individually — stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity, start, lap and finish times, and so on. At the end of each race, SWAN spits out data on each swimmer.

D ‘Take a look,’ says Mason, pulling out a sheet of data. He points out the data on the swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one who finished third actually swam faster. So why did he finish 35 hundredths of a second down? ‘His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy,’ says Mason. ‘If he can improve on his turns, he can do much better.’ This is the kind of accuracy that AIS scientists’ research is bringing to a range of sports. With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne, they are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete’s clothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete’s ability to run. There’s more to it than simply measuring performance. Fricker gives the example of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds 11 or 12 times a year. After years of experimentation, AIS and the University of Newcastle in New South Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-system protein immunoglobulin A is present in athletes’ saliva. If IgA levels suddenly fall below a certain level, training is eased or dropped altogether. Soon, IgA levels start rising again, and the danger passes. Since the tests were introduced, AIS athletes in all sports have been remarkably successful at staying healthy.

E Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a ‘competition model’, based on what they expect will be the winning times.’ You design the model to make that time,’ says Mason.’ A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast, with a certain stroke frequency and stroke length, with turns done in these times.’ All the training is then geared towards making the athlete hit those targets, both overall and for each segment of the race. Techniques like these have transformed Australia into arguably the world’s most successful sporting nation.

F Of course, there’s nothing to stop other countries copying — and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes. At the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists’ and rowers’ times. Now everyone uses them. The same has happened to the ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’, developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level. But Australia’s success story is about more than easily copied technological fixes, and up to now no nation has replicated its all-encompassing system.

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS題目

Questions 1-7

Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports

2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations

3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity

4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced

5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated

6 an overview of the funded support of athletes

7 how performance requirements are calculated before an event

Questions 8-11

Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states they

A are currently exclusively used by Australians

B will be used in the future by Australians

C are currently used by both Australians and their rivals

Write the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.

8 cameras

9 sensors

10 protein tests

11 altitude tents

Questions 12 and 13

Answer the questions below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.

12 What is produced to help an athlete plan their performance in an event?

13 By how much did some cyclists’ performance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games?

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS答案

Question 1

答案：B

關(guān)鍵詞：exchange of expertise, between different sports/collaborate, across a number of sports

定位原文：B段第2、3句“...and collaborates with… a number of sports …”

解題思路: 題干中講到不同體育領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)知識交流正好跟原文中跨不同體育專家之間的合作相對應(yīng)，理解意思即可容易找到正確答案。

Question 2

答案：C

關(guān)鍵詞: visual imaging/3D, image

定位原文: C段第6句: “...shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis …”

解題思路: 通過題干中的視頻成像可以很容易找到原文中對應(yīng)的3D和成像。

Question 3

答案：B

關(guān)鍵詞: a reason for narrowing/ can’t waste time

定位原文: B段最后1句: “We can’t waste our time looking…”

解題思路: 題目中的research activity和原文中的scientific questions 屬于同義表達(dá)，定位答題區(qū)域，發(fā)現(xiàn)此句話所要表達(dá)的意思是不在一些飄渺的、不切實(shí)際的科學(xué)問題上浪費(fèi)時間，也就是說要縮小研究的范圍。

Question 4

答案：F

關(guān)鍵詞：AIS ideas reproduce/ copying

定位原文: F段第1句話 “Of course, there’s nothing…”

解題思路: 題干中的reproduce是復(fù)制的意思，之后從 文章 中發(fā)現(xiàn) 句子 有復(fù)制copying，即可以直接定位。

Question 5

答案：D

關(guān)鍵詞：Obstacle, investigated/ impact, monitor

定位原文: D段第6句“... to monitor heart rate…”

解題思路: 題干提到理想成績的障礙是如何被調(diào)查研究的，而讀到對應(yīng)句子之后看到正好是sensors(傳感器)對于運(yùn)動員跑步的impact(影響)進(jìn)行研究的儀器，而且obstacles和impact對應(yīng)。

Question 6

答案：A

關(guān)鍵詞：Overview, funded support finance

定位原文: A段倒數(shù)第2句 “...finances programmes of excellence…”

解題思路: finances是解題關(guān)鍵，意思為資助，正好跟題干中funded support表達(dá)了相同的義項(xiàng)，直接對應(yīng)。而且之后一句話提及以上項(xiàng)目所提供的服務(wù)和建議，可以確信答案。

Question 7

答案：E

關(guān)鍵詞：Calculated before an event/ using data, well before a championship

定位原文: E段第1句、第2句 “Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, ...”

解題思路: 首先通過well before a championship和文章中before an event定位到E段， 之后發(fā)現(xiàn)后面提及的“競爭模型”作用就是計算時間和速率，因此內(nèi)容對應(yīng)上calculate，此時可斷定答案的位置。

Question 8

答案：A

關(guān)鍵詞: digital cameras

定位原文: C段倒數(shù)第3句: “..SWAN system now used in Australian national…”

解題思路: 前一句已經(jīng)提到該系統(tǒng)已廣泛應(yīng)用于澳大利亞各項(xiàng)全國賽事之中，而沒有提到其他國家，因此可以判斷應(yīng)該只有澳大利亞人在使用。

Question 9

答案：B

關(guān)鍵詞：sensor

定位原文: D段第7句：“...With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro…”

解題思路: 找到相同對應(yīng)詞sensor，讀其前后的句子，發(fā)現(xiàn)有 Melbourne，斷定是澳大利亞人的發(fā)明。之后要特別留心動詞develop運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，表示正在開發(fā);而且注意之后的定語從句采用了將來時，所以可以斷定此發(fā)明還沒有完成，應(yīng)該屬于將來的成果。因此選擇B。

Question 10

答案: A

關(guān)鍵詞：protein

定位原文: D段倒數(shù)第4句: “… AIS and the University of Newcastle…”

解題思路: 非常容易在前面第一句話中找到跟題目protein tests所對應(yīng)的詞語a test ...protein。之后細(xì)讀前后句，發(fā)現(xiàn)后面一句話對于此項(xiàng)科技成果的受益者文章中只提到AIS運(yùn)動員，即澳大利亞體育學(xué)院的運(yùn)動員，隸屬于澳大利亞，所以應(yīng)該選擇A。

Question 11

答案：C

關(guān)鍵詞: altitude tent

定位原文: F段倒數(shù)第2句: “The same has happened to the ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent ’…”

解題思路: 文章中很容易找到用引號括起來的題目中的名詞 短語 ，因此只要細(xì)心讀原句，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)開頭的‘The same has happened...’同樣的事情也發(fā)生在……根據(jù) 經(jīng)驗(yàn) 應(yīng)該順著文章向上追溯，發(fā)現(xiàn)跟‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’相同情況的是1996年奧運(yùn)會上澳大利亞人受益的流線型散熱運(yùn)動服現(xiàn)在全世界都在用。因此 ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’也被世界各國應(yīng)用。所以答案應(yīng)該選擇C。且根據(jù)此段話大意可以了解文章只提到兩種研究成果被別國運(yùn)用，即髙原帳蓬和流線型散熱服。所以可以間接判斷前三項(xiàng)成果是由澳大利人獨(dú)享的。

Question 12

答案： (a)competition model

關(guān)鍵詞： help an athlete plan, produced / prepare the athlete by, developing

定位原文: E段第1句“Using data…”

解題思路: Help an athlete plan their performance 對應(yīng)上prepare the athlete by之后，要認(rèn)真研究題目所問的是what is produced,斷定所作答案必定要填一個名詞。因此要細(xì)讀原文發(fā)現(xiàn)有單詞developing恰與produced相對應(yīng)，中文意思是“開發(fā)”，則答案必定是開發(fā)之后的名詞。

Question 13

答案： (by)2 percent/%

關(guān)鍵詞： 19% Olympic Games, cyclists, improve

定位原文: F段第3句“At the Atlanta…”

解題思路: 分析問句是 ‘By how much... improve’，意思為“提高了多少”，可以判斷出答案需要寫一個數(shù)字。因此仔細(xì)閱讀相關(guān)語句找到 sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists ‘a(chǎn)nd rowers’ time。很快就可以找到數(shù)字百分之二

。

2023年1月11日雅思閱讀考試真題答案

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Passage 1
俄羅斯芭蕾舞發(fā)展史 （舊題）重復(fù)2023.11.2
題型：判斷+填空
1. T --- 18世紀(jì)中期芭蕾流行
2. NG --- 音樂教師數(shù)量上升 （和機(jī)經(jīng)不一樣，機(jī)經(jīng)是F）
3. NG --- 19世紀(jì)芭蕾在俄羅斯才流行
4. T --- 18世紀(jì)中期跳芭蕾和宗教意見沖突
5. T --- 對芭蕾舞的熱情是否局限于皇室
6. F --- 一個人進(jìn)入某個阻止是否被拒絕
7. 第一個theater建立者Alex
8. 他是個director
9. win worldwide popularity
10. dance and dress code
11. 法律相關(guān)舞蹈
12. 普希金創(chuàng)作獲得成功 successful publication
13. 擺脫 myth
Passage 2
地球夜間燈光與經(jīng)濟(jì)（舊題）
題型：缺回憶
Passage 3
澳洲國家美術(shù)館 （舊題）重復(fù)2023.12.9
題型：單選+判斷+半句配對
Global Warming in New Zealand
For many environmentalists， the world seems to be getting warmer. As the nearest country of South Polar Region， New Zealand has maintained an upward trend in its average temperature in the past few years. However， the temperature in New Zealand will go up 40C in the next century while the polar region will go up more than 60C. The different pictures of temperature stem from its surrounding ocean which acts like the air conditioner. Thus New Zealand is comparatively fortunate.
Scientifically speaking， this temperature phenomenon in New Zealand originated from what researchers call ＂SAM＂ {Southern Annular Mode）， which refers to the wind belt that circles the Southern Oceans including New Zealand and Antarctica. Yet recent work has revealed that changes in SAM in New Zealand have resulted in a weakening of moisture during the summer， and more rainfall in other seasons. A bigger problem may turn out to be heavier droughts for agricultural activities because of more water loss from soil， resulting in poorer harvest before winter when the rainfall arrive too late to rescue.
Among all the calamities posed by drought， moisture deficit ranks the first. Moisture deficit is the gap between the water plants need during the growing season and the water the earth can offer. Measures of moisture deficit were at their highest since the 1970s in New Zealand. Meanwhile， ecological *yses clearly show moisture deficit is imposed at different growth stage of crops. If moisture deficit occurs around a crucial growth stage， it will cause about 22% reduction in grain yield as opposed to moisture deficit at vegetative phase.
Global warming is not only affecting agriculture production. When scientists say the country＇s snow pack and glaciers are melting at an alarming rate due to global warming， the climate is putting another strain on the local places. For example， when the development of global warming is accompanied by the falling snow line， the local skiing industry comes into a crisis. The snow line may move up as the temperature goes up， and then the snow at the bottom will melt earlier. Fortunately， it is going to be favourable for the local skiing industry to tide over tough periods since the quantities of snowfall in some areas are more likely to increase.
What is the reaction of glacier region？ The climate change can be reflected in the glacier region in southern New Zealand or land covered by ice and snow. The reaction of a glacier to a climatic change involves a complex chain of processes. Over time periods of years to several decades， cumulative changes in mass balance cause volume and thickness changes， which will affect the flow of ice via altered internal deformation and basal sliding. This dynamic reaction finally leads to glacier length changes， the advance or retreat of glacier tongues. Undoubtedly， glacier mass balance is a more direct signal of annual atmospheric conditions.
The latest research result of National Institute of Water and Atmospheric （NIWA） Research shows that glaciers line keeps moving up because of the impacts of global warming. Further losses of ice can be reflected in Mt. Cook Region. By 1996， a 14 km long sector of the glacier had melted down forming a melt lake （Hooker Lake） with a volume. Melting of the glacier front at a rate of 40 m/yr will cause the glacier to retreat at a rather uniform rate. Therefore， the lake will continue to grow until it reaches the glacier bed.
A direct result of the melting glaciers is the change of high tides that serves the main factor for sea level rise. The trend of sea level rise will bring a threat to the groundwater system for its hyper-saline groundwater and then pose a possibility to decrease the agricultural production. Many experts believe that the best way to counter this trend is to give a longer-term view of sea level change in New Zealand. Indeed， the coastal boundaries need to be upgraded and redefined.
There is no doubt that global warming has affected New Zealand in many aspects. The emphasis on the global warming should be based on the joints efforts of local people and experts who conquer the tough period. For instance， farmers are taking a long term， multi-generational approach to adjust the breeds and species according to the temperature， Agriculturists also find ways to tackle the problems that may bring to the soil. In broad terms， going forward， the systemic resilience that＇s been going on a long time in the ecosystem will continue.
How about animals＇ reaction？ Experts have surprisingly realised that animals have unconventional adaptation to global warming. A study has looked at sea turtles on a few northern beaches in New Zealand and it is very interesting to find that sea turtles can become male of female according to the temperature. Further researches will try to find out how rising temperatures would affect the ratio of sex reversal in their growth. Clearly， the temperature of the nest plays a vital role in the sexes of the baby turtles，
Tackling the problems of global warming is never easy in New Zealand， because records show the slow process of global warming may have a different impact on various regions. For New Zealand， the emission of carbon dioxide only accounts for 0.5% of the world＇s total， which has met the governmental standard. However， （New Zealand＇s effort counts only a tip of the iceberg. So far， global warming has been a world issue that still hangs in an ambiguous future.
27-30 Multiple Choices
27.What does the author illustrate in the first paragraph？
describing the role of art museums in Australian culture
28. Contrast the old and new museums， the author criticized new ngv in what aspect？
architecture dosing elements more than art
29. What does the writer notice about the new museum？
the order of room are connected by salon
30. What should be done to keep NGV successful？
ebullience passion
31-35 Y/N/NG
31. N --- Grounds＇ design failed to recognize the importance of founders and performances In museums.
32. N --- Bellini’s New NGv neglect International museum design trends
33. NG --- Bellini＇s work on subsequent museum projects has been less successful than thaton NGV.
34. Y --- The gallery visitors go to temporary /exhibitions to the south， the first sequence of spaces for the permanent collection.
35. NG --- Too much change may have negative the impact on it.
36-40 Matching sentence endings
A The museum program will lose its individuality
B The museum will lose credibility
C Will lose the museum＇ s independence
D Will suffer its reputation
E increase attendance in the future
F People will be more willing to come here
G more capability for increasing revenue
H try to balance opposing and various demands
I it is financial necessary
36. F --- If a larger space in museum is available
37. E --- If children are allowed to move freely in parts of the galleries
38. A --- If too much emphasis is placed on the building industry
39. D --- If there is over revenue on blockbusters overused
40. H --- If museum want to continue to be successful

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